Great Quotes From the Glass Menagerie

The Glass Menagerie by Tennessee Williams is often called a memory play. We learn about a small American family, that would probably be considered rather normal or everyman family. The play is also popular because there are autobiographical elements. Scene 1 In memory everything seems to happen to music. Tom Wingfield is speaking as narrator. Theres an interesting quality that seems to associate itself without memories. It sometimes feels as though we are watching the events unfold before us (on a stage) or watching a replayed movie—of someone elses life—thats been set to music. It doesnt always seem real. And, even if we know that it happened, theres that feeling that were all pawns in some huge, but very artificial menagerie. Yes, I have tricks in my pocket, I have things up my sleeve. But I am the opposite of a stage magician. He gives you illusion that has the appearance of truth. I give you truth in the pleasant disguise of illusion. Here, in Scene 1, Tom Wingfield is speaking as narrator. Hes one of the characters in the action of this play, but hes also a twist on the concept of a magician. Scene 2 Mother, when youre disappointed, you get that awful suffering look on your face, like the picture of Jesus mother in the museum. Laura Wingfield is talking to her mother (Amanda). The interplay could be described as a rather-typical mother-daughter interchange. I know so well what becomes of unmarried women who arent prepared to occupy a position. Ive seen such pitiful cases in the South—barely tolerated spinsters living upon the grudging patronage of sisters husband or brothers wife!—stuck away in some little mousetrap of a room—encouraged by one in-law to visit another—little birdlike women without any nest—eating the crust of humility all their life! Is that the future that weve mapped out for ourselves? Amanda Wingfield has tied herself into the fortunes (and futures—good and bad) of her children, which explains some of her manipulative mentality toward them. Why youre not crippled, you just have a little defect—hardly noticeable, even! When people have some slight disadvantage like that, they cultivate other things to make up for it—develop charm—and vivacity—and—charm! Note: Amanda Wingfield is manipulating her daughter, Laura. Girls that arent cut out for business careers usually wind up married to some nice man. Amanda Wingfield has learned that her daughter, Laura, has dropped out of business school. Scene 3 I took that horrible novel back to the library—yes! That hideous book by that insane Mr. Lawrence. I cannot control the output of diseased minds or people who cater to them—BUT I WONT ALLOW SUCH FILTH BROUGHT INTO MY HOUSE! No, no, no, no, no! Amanda Every time you come in yelling that Goddamn Rise and Shine! Rise and Shine! I say to myself, How lucky dead people are! But I get up. I go! For sixty-five dollars a month I give up all that I dream of doing and being ever! And you say self—selfs all I ever think of. Why, listen, if self is what I though of, Mother, Id be where he is GONE! Tom Scene 4 I know your ambitions do not lie in the warehouse, that like everybody in the whole wide world—youve had to—make sacrifices, but—Tom—Tom—lifes not easy, it calls for—Spartan endurance! Amanda Man is by instinct a lover, a hunter, a fighter, and none of those instincts are given much play at the warehouse! Tom as he argues with his mother Amanda about his career This was the compensation for lives that passed like mine, without any change or adventure. Adventure and change were imminent in this year. They were waiting around the corner for all these kids. Tom Scene 5 You are the only young man that I know of who ignores the fact that the future becomes the present, the present becomes the past, and the past turns into everlasting regret if you dont plan for it! Amanda to Tom No girl can do worse than put herself at the mercy of a handsome appearance. The Glass Menagerie Amanda, referring to the bad choice she made in marrying a handsome man, Scene 5. She lives in a world of her own—a world of—little glass ornaments. Tom, about Laura. Scene 6 He was shooting with such velocity through his adolescence that you would logically expect him to arrive at nothing short of the White House by the time he was thirty. Toms impressions of Jim OConnor when they were both in high school All pretty girls are a trap, a pretty trap, and men expect them to be. This is a perfect representation of a modernist perspective on marriage and relationships. Amanda is trying to make her daughter, Laura, as attractive as possible. Its jaded and does not seem to have the idea of love as part of the equation. People go to the movies instead of moving! Hollywood characters are supposed to have all the adventures for everybody in America, while everybody in America sits in a dark room and watches them have them! Yes, until theres a war. Thats when adventure becomes available to the masses. Tom I know I seem dreamy, but inside—well, Im boiling! Whenever I pick up a shoe, I shudder a little thinking how short life is and what I am doing! Whatever that means, I know it doesnt mean shoes - except as something to wear on a travelers feet! Tom All of my gentlemen callers were sons of planters and so of course I assumed that I would be married to one and raise my family on a large piece of land with plenty of servants. But man proposes—and woman accepts the proposal! To vary that old, old saying a bit-I married no planter! I married a man who worked for the telephone company! This is an example of Amanda, and her brand of Southern-belle sentimentality and charm—high in volume and heavy on the flourish. Scene 7 People are not so dreadful when you get to know them. Jim is giving his sister words-of-wisdom (to help with shyness). You think of yourself as having the only problems, as being the only one who is disappointed. But just look around you and you will see lots of people as disappointed as you are. Jim to Laura I believe in the future of television! I wish to be ready to go up right along with it. Therefore Im planning to get in on the ground floor. In fact Ive already made the right connections and all that remains is for the industry itself to get under way! Full steam—Knowledge—Zzzzzp! Money—Zzzzzp!—Power! Thats the cycle democracy is built on. Jim Most of them are little animals made out of glass, the tiniest little animals in the world. Mother calls them a glass menagerie! Heres an example of one, if youd like to see it! ... Oh, be careful—if you breathe, it breaks! ... Hold him over the light, he loves the light! You see how the light shines through him? This is part of the interaction between Laura and Jim, who accidentally bumps the table (while they are dancing). The glass unicorn breaks. Glass breaks so easily. No matter how careful you are. Laura is talking to Jim, but its an ironic reference to Laura (and to her whole family). They are all fragile, and will break apart. I wish that you were my sister. Id teach you to have some confidence in yourself. The different people are not like other people, but being different is nothing to be ashamed of. Because other people are not such wonderful people. Theyre one hundred times one thousand. Youre one times one! They walk all over the earth. You just stay here. Theyre common as—weeds, but—you—well, youre—Blue Roses! Jim is talking to Laura Things have a way of turning out so badly. Amanda is being her ole pessimistic self, thinking the worst in every situation! You dont know things anywhere! You live in a dream; you manufacture illusions! Amanda is criticizing Tom yet again. In reality, he has a better, more firm, grasp of reality than she does. She exists in a glass menagerie of her own making, and wants to control every aspect of it. Thats right, now that youve had us make such fools of ourselves. The effort, the preparations, all the expense! The new floor lamp, the rug, the clothes for Laura! all for what? To entertain some other girls fiancà ©! Go to the movies, go! Dont think about us, a mother deserted, an unmarried sister whos crippled and has no job! Dont let anything interfere with your selfish pleasure I just go, go, go—to the movies! Amanda I didnt go to the moon, I went much further—for time is the longest distance between two places. Tom I left Saint Louis. I descended the steps of this fire escape for a last time and followed, from then on, in my fathers footsteps, attempting to find in motion what was lost in space. . . . I would have stopped, but I was pursued by something. . . . I pass the lighted window of a shop where perfume is sold. The window is filled with pieces of colored glass, tiny transparent bottles in delicate colors, like bits of a shattered rainbow. Then all at once my sister touches my shoulder. I turn around and look into her eyes. Oh, Laura, Laura, I tried to leave you behind me, but I am more faithful than I intended to be! I reach for a cigarette, I cross the street, I run into the movies or a bar, I buy a drink, I speak to the nearest stranger—anything that can blow your candles out!—for nowadays the world is lit by lightning! Blow out your candles Laura—and so goodbye. This is the closing scene in the play. Tom is giving an update on what has happened in his life, in the intervening years.

A Brave New World Essay - 1167 Words

In this world where people can acquire anything they need or want, we have to wonder, â€Å"Is the government controlling us?† Both the governments in A Brave New World and in the United States of America offer birth control pills and have abortion clinics that are available for everyone, thus making birth control pills and abortion operations very easy to acquire. Although both governments offer birth control pills and abortion clinics, A Brave New World’s government requires everyone to take the pills and immediately get an abortion when pregnant. This in turn shows us that A Brave New World’s government is controlling the population and the development of children. China is one of the few countries that currently have control of the†¦show more content†¦Unlike the government in A Brave New World the United States government does not require anybody to take birth control pills or have an abortion. However, it is still offered to a variety of females. à ¢â‚¬Å"Pro Life Actions† lets us know that 75.4% of females between the ages fifteen and twenty-nine get abortions once finding out that they are pregnant. This percentage would be higher if it wasn’t for the certain restrictions abortions had. Based on â€Å"Religious Tolerance’s† website, a female cannot have an abortion after her first trimester. If she does get an abortion after the first trimester, it is considered to be killing an actual human being. Although abortion clinics are available for all females, most of the females do not know who actually funds these clinics. According to â€Å"Public Funding for Abortion†, abortion clinics are funded voluntarily by the state government and not the federal government. Even though the federal government does not support abortion clinics, they certainly do not want to shut down any of the clinics that are currently open around the country. 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Separating mary shelley Essay Example For Students

Separating mary shelley Essay Inspired by this wind of promise my daydreams become more fervent and vivid (Shelley 1). Mary Shelley, a great poet of her time, left many legacies and inspired writers all across the nation. From childhood to adulthood, she overcame obstacles in life. Her inspiring life can only begin to be described in words, and her works live on today. Mary Shelleys elaborate life, little known fictions, and horrific monsters have nationally been defined through the years. In order to separate Mary Shelleys life, the tragedies she experienced must first be examined. Her first tragedy was the death of her mother (Patnaik 1). Complications arose during giving birth to Mary Shelley, and the mother died due to unavailable medical care during that time period (1). This left Mary always lacking a certain part of her life, without a mother figure. This tragedy affected Mary Shelley in many ways (Patnaik 1). Along with the absence of her mother in life, Mary Shelleys father, William Godwin, went on to write Memoirs of the Rights of Women (1). In this book he proceeded to describe many particular parts of Mary Wollstonecraftss existence in strict detail (1). He included such aspects as her previous relations with an American and the daughter she had with him, and her various attempts to kill herself (1). This affected Shelley greatly mentally and personally. But where were my friends and relations? No father had watched my infant days, no mother blessed me with smiles and caresses (Shelley 106). There were also various other family deaths. Fanny Imlay, Mary Shelleys half sister, committed suicide a short while after Mary and Percy were married (Patnaik 1). Percys wife also committed suicide by drowning herself (1). Through these deaths, Mary Shelley reanimated her tragedies in her writings (AuthorWorks 52). She told an epic story of her life, and used herself as a main character. Through the loneliness she felt, Mary reached out to the world and brought herself into the hearts of the nation (Denise 1). Her relationship with Percy Shelley also defined a plethora of Mary Shelleys life. She heightened her previous infamous life by running off with Percy Bysshe Shelley in 1814 (Patnaik 1). Shelley was only seventeen years old at the time, and Percy was also currently married (1). He abandoned his wife who was pregnant at the time and his daughter to escape with Mary to live (1). Before their marriage in 1816, Mary and Percy had two illegitimate children while living together (1). Due to their outrageous actions of the time and unacceptable behavior Percy and Mary were outcast from their families and society (1). Mary and Percy also had numerous other family and financial problems (Patnaik 1). In order to avoid paying bills and rent, the couple moved around frequently, trying to avoid their financial difficulties (1 of 6). Shelleys legacy began with her education. Shelley never received any formal education, ordinary for a girl of that time (Shelley vi). My education was neglected, yet I was passionately fond of reading. These volumes were my study day and night (Shelley 2). Shelley believed that knowledge was a privilege that must be sought for and acquired (11). She sought for this wisdom through her desires to get an education (13). Most of Shelleys education came from reading on her own. Though a formal education was never received, she was raised by great figures of literature and was always encouraged it use her imagination and be creative (Patnaik 2 of 6). Some other sources of education came from visitors around her household (2 of 6). Samuel L. Coleridge, and influential writer of his time, was among one of these visitors who read Rime of the Ancient Mariner to her (2 of 6). .ud806316638a837036bd85b707946955b , .ud806316638a837036bd85b707946955b .postImageUrl , .ud806316638a837036bd85b707946955b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ud806316638a837036bd85b707946955b , .ud806316638a837036bd85b707946955b:hover , .ud806316638a837036bd85b707946955b:visited , .ud806316638a837036bd85b707946955b:active { border:0!important; } .ud806316638a837036bd85b707946955b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ud806316638a837036bd85b707946955b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ud806316638a837036bd85b707946955b:active , .ud806316638a837036bd85b707946955b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ud806316638a837036bd85b707946955b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ud806316638a837036bd85b707946955b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ud806316638a837036bd85b707946955b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ud806316638a837036bd85b707946955b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud806316638a837036bd85b707946955b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ud806316638a837036bd85b707946955b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ud806316638a837036bd85b707946955b .ud806316638a837036bd85b707946955b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ud806316638a837036bd85b707946955b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Thanksgiving EssayThese visions faded when I perused for the first time,these poets whose effusions entranced my soul and liftedit to heaven. I also became a poet and for one year livedin a paradise of my own creation; I imagined that I also might obtain a niche in the temple where the names of Homer and Shakespeare are consecrated (Shelley 2). Mary Shelley received inspiration for writings of monsters by the works of Rousseau (Patnaik 3 of 6). She studied Rousseau, and during this time Mary wrote Frankenstein through a simple agreement between Lord Byron, Mary, and Percy, to each write a ghost story (Shelley vii). She pondered of a story until finally she found one that she believed would send readers into shock (Shelley ix). At the time, she didnt realize exactly how popular her book would become. Mary Shelley went on to have some less popular fictions published, including Mathilda and Lodore (Denise 2). Among some of her most well known works are Valperga or the Life and Adventures of Castuccio, Prince of Lucca, and The Last Man (Denise 2 of 5). Mary Shelley died at the age of 53 from a brain tumor (Denise 2). She is buried in St. Peters Churchyard, Bournemouth along with William Godwin and Mary Wollstonecraft (2). Through many tragedies and many losses, Mary Shelley overcame her obstacles and made her legacy. Mary Shelleys elaborate life, little known fictions, and horrific monsters have been nationally defined through the years. Bibliography:Works Cited:Shelley, Mary. Frankenstein. New York: Dover, 1994AuthorWorks. Illinois: Scott-Foresman-Addison Wesley, 1997. Denise. Mary Shelley. January 1999. July 13, 2000 Patnaik, Sumeta. Mary Shelley and the Desire to Acquire Knowledge: As Demonstrated in the Novel Frankenstein. Mary Shelley and Knowledge. July 13, 2000

Their Eyes were Watching God How slavery influenc Essay Example For Students

Their Eyes were Watching God: How slavery influenc Essay es Nannys idea of MarriageIn Their Eyes Were Watching God by Zora Heale Hurston a former slave named Nannys ideal marriage is if the relationship provides both protection and security. Although people always have their own perspectives and standpoints of problems that are different from others, Nannys own view of marriage is influenced by slavery and her ill-fated life experience. As a former slave, Nannys idea of marriage is influenced by her social status. Back to the years of slavery, African-American couldnt get too much freedom, and they were treated as goods by their white masters. Especially for the African-American women, they were at the bottom of the society which had made their lives even harder. The slavery had anchored Nannys mind, she believed that the best thing could happen to an African-American woman is to marry a man that can depend on, which the marriage can provide protection. Johnny Taylor is not the one because Nanny thought some trifling youth like him would ruin Janies life, and Nanny has chosen someone who is respectable, someone like Logan Killicks. Nannys granddaughter Janie, a youthful girl who was born as a free child, she doesnt have to go through the hard time as a slave that her Nanny has experienced. Janie believes that she should fulfill her own dream by marrying a man that she loves, and she disregard the importance of material wealth. Nanny has learned the lesson that love is not synonymous with love, and she thinks Janie is just too young to realize the truth. As a slave near the end of the Civil War, Nanny gave birth to her white masters child, who became Janies mother. But the white man disappointed Nanny when the his wife realized the baby is her husbands, his wife went into a jealous rage; she declared that Nanny would receive a hundred lashes in the morning and watch her baby sold off when it is a month old, but he didnt do anything for Nanny and his own child, and Nanny had to escape with her baby eventually. This painful heartbreaking experience has taught Nanny a harsh lesson that love cannot always be trusted; more than that, love cannot play a only part in marriage. Unlike her young granddaughter Janie who is youthful and only sees the reason to marry is if is true love. the inaudible voice of it all came to her. She saw a dust-bearing bee sink into the sanctum of a bloom; the thousand sister-calyxes arch to meet the love embrace and the ecstatic shiver of the tree from root to tiniest branch creaming in every blossom and frothing with delight. So this was a marriage! She had been summoned to behold a revelation. Janies youthful idealism leads her to believe that this intense sensuality must be similar to the intimacy between lovers, and she wishes to be a pear tree any tree in bloom! Nanny is much older than Janie, and she may already have felt the same way about love when she was in Janies age, but her experience tells her love doesnt mean marriage. Nanny sees Janie as another chance for her to see her dreams fulfilled, but those dreams do not include Johnny Taylor. Even though Nanny was born as a slave, she had dreams. For she was a slave, Nanny didnt allow doing more than dreams, but Emancipation gave her freedom and a chance to transfer those dreams to her daughter Leafy. Nanny was always hoped Leafy would become a schoolteacher. Her hopes ere dashed when Leafy was raped by the towns schoolteacher at age 17. After giving to Janie Leafy left one day and abandoned both her mother and daughter, Leafy has disappointed Nanny. Nanny had the opportunities to marry but she chose to devote her life to her granddaughter Janie, what she wishes is to see Janie become a good girl can marry a man which can give Janie protection. Nanny has chose Logan Killicks, a much older man, but someone who can offer Janie the protection and security of his age, plus a sixty-acre potato farm. .uc931ff724f8d0d1ebb3c7e2508a896bf , .uc931ff724f8d0d1ebb3c7e2508a896bf .postImageUrl , .uc931ff724f8d0d1ebb3c7e2508a896bf .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc931ff724f8d0d1ebb3c7e2508a896bf , .uc931ff724f8d0d1ebb3c7e2508a896bf:hover , .uc931ff724f8d0d1ebb3c7e2508a896bf:visited , .uc931ff724f8d0d1ebb3c7e2508a896bf:active { border:0!important; } .uc931ff724f8d0d1ebb3c7e2508a896bf .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc931ff724f8d0d1ebb3c7e2508a896bf { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc931ff724f8d0d1ebb3c7e2508a896bf:active , .uc931ff724f8d0d1ebb3c7e2508a896bf:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc931ff724f8d0d1ebb3c7e2508a896bf .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc931ff724f8d0d1ebb3c7e2508a896bf .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc931ff724f8d0d1ebb3c7e2508a896bf .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc931ff724f8d0d1ebb3c7e2508a896bf .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc931ff724f8d0d1ebb3c7e2508a896bf:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc931ff724f8d0d1ebb3c7e2508a896bf .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc931ff724f8d0d1ebb3c7e2508a896bf .uc931ff724f8d0d1ebb3c7e2508a896bf-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc931ff724f8d0d1ebb3c7e2508a896bf:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Geography Senegal: An In Depth Study Senegal Is A Republic Located In Essay Nanny knows Janie has to be taken care by someone else, and its not someone Johnny Taylor, which can give nothing to Janie. In my opinion, Nannys idea of marriage is influenced by the slavery and her unsettling past directly. Nanny tries to protect her young granddaughter Janie by marrying her to a man that can give Janie enough to eat and wear. Even though Nannys idea of marriage is based on materials and she doesnt care much about Janies feeling, she believes that everything she does is did it for Janie. She is just trying to do her best to keep Janie from suffering, and wishes Janie fulfill her dreams of freedom and joy.

Hunting and Gathering vs Sedentary Living Essay Example

Hunting and Gathering vs Sedentary Living Essay Gathering and Hunting Vs. Sedentary Living There are many events in the past that changed the course of history. The Neolithic Agricultural Revolution marked the transition between gathering and hunting to sedentary lifestyles. There were benefits to this change that have lasted until societies today. As well as benefits, there were also costs that effected people’s lives. The role of men and women shifted and things were slowly started changing to a world that is much like society today. Moving from gathering and hunting to sedentary living had its advantages. One of the advantages was the increase in their writing system. Writing was needed to keep track of the new flow of records coming in. As civilizations began to grow and thrive more people needed to be accounted for and these records needed to be recorded. It got to the point where the prehistoric pictures and murals weren’t enough. The civilians used symbols to account for the needs of the town. The creation of writing is beneficial also because it makes it possible for societies today to be aware and knowledgeable of the way that life was before them. It was also possible for laws to be set for the town’s people to see, and abide by them. One example of this is Hammurabi’s Code. We will write a custom essay sample on Hunting and Gathering vs Sedentary Living specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Hunting and Gathering vs Sedentary Living specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Hunting and Gathering vs Sedentary Living specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Hammurabi’s Code was posted in the town and people were able to access it. The code set up rules for an ordered society. An ordered society was beneficial because since people were now becoming settled, there were new interactions that were unusual people didn’t know how to act around these situations. â€Å"Law codes give us an idea of a people’s sense of justice and notions of code† (Reilly 58). It also shows us how past societies, especially early civilizations lived their daily lives and kept order. There were other benefits of transitioning to a sedentary lifestyle such as the creation of centralized governments. Creating these governments along with the codes enforced order in the society and ensured the safety of the citizens. Another benefit was the creation of irrigation systems and farming. Farming is an imperative need to societies. People get their produce from farming. The creation of the irrigation system helped transfer the water from the surrounding rivers to the town so that they can farm crops. Also, the creation of stone tools helped make it easier to tend these crops. These tools also helped weave clothing and other needs for the new civilizations. The development of farming also was useful for domestication. By the villagers having an ordered way of growing and collecting food, the animals got drawn to the crops so they are easier to capture and tame. Farming also led to people settling down. People no longer had to go elsewhere to look for crops and herbds because they grew them in the community. Along with benefits, there were costs to moving to a sedentary lifestyle. For example, it changed people’s lifestyles. As gatherers, people were able to move freely and do as they please. There was nobody to tell them what to do such as leaders and tyrants. Once civilizations started to form everything had to be in order so there were changes. People were being told what to do and they suddenly didn’t have the opportunity to be nomads. This made it hard to adjust to third new society. As shown in the movie N! ai, the Story of a ! Kung Woman, this led to sickness in the village. People were dying left and right. Settling down also led to the introduction of slavery. People were set into social classes and people of the lower class were forced to do the labor that the upper-class didn’t want to do. Slavery was not here when there were Hunter- Gatherers because one more hand meant one more mouth to feed. They did things for themselves. There were also issues of social class. Citizens were classified by their occupation and what they could bring to the community. The commoners or lower class people with the less respected jobs ere always treated differently no matter what it was. With this shift in society also came the change of the status of men and women. Before settlement women held power and respect. People respected them because they were responsible for the farming which was the main way of acquiring food aside from hunting. Men and females were fairly equal in part. After settlement, the role of a female slowly began to digress and men became more powerful. In Mesopotamia as early as 2300 BCE inscriptions for ‘slave girl’ appear earlier than those translating as ‘slave male† (Reilly 31). There was also a high demand for female slaves as opposed to male slaves. In Marjorie Shostak’s Nisa: The Life and Words of a ! Kung Woman, she revealed how women weren’t able to speak their mind above a man. Men had final sa y in decisions and women were just there to back it up. Also young females were forced into marriage by their parents, but as mentioned before, the male parental figure would make the final decisions. In conclusion, the shift from a nomadic lifestyle to settled lifestyles has shown great change in the way that things were ran. The primary and secondary accounts listed in this essay helped readers see the emphasis that this change has on society today. There were sacrifices that people had to make in order to accommodate these changes. Even though one of these sacrifices had to be things such as equality of the sexes, this change still has marked something greater; a gateway for the development of future societies.

Crisis of Confidence essays

Crisis of Confidence essays On July 15, 1979, President Jimmy Carter gave a speech to our country. It was a nationally televised speech. It was not the speech that he had planned to give. It was a speech out of desperation, out of concern for us as a democracy, us as a people. This country was in an economic and energy crisis. This speech, although it addressed the energy crisis, spoke of different crisis and it became the title of his speech, A Crisis of Confidence. It is a crisis that strikes at the very heart and soul and spirit of our national will. We can see this crisis in the growing doubt about the meaning of our own lives and in the loss of a unity of purpose for our nation. The erosion of our confidence in the future is threatening to destroy the social and the political fabric of America. The confidence that we have always had as people is not simply some romantic dream or proverb in a dusty book that we read just on the Fourth of July. It is the idea which founded our nation and has guided our development as a people. Confidence in the future has supported everything else Public institutions and private enterprise, our own families and the very Constitution of the United States. Confidence has defined our course and has served as a link between generations. Weve always believed in something called progress. Weve always had a faith that the days of our children would be better than our own. Our people are losing that faith, not only in government itself but in the ability as citizens to serve as the ultimate rulers and shapers of our democracy. As a people we know our past and we are proud of it. Our progress has been part of the living history of America, even the world. We always believed we were part of a great movement of humanity itself called democracy, involved in the search for freedom; and that belief has always strengthened us in our purpose. ...

The Case of Aileen Wuornos Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

The Case of Aileen Wuornos - Essay Example The reality was that she lured each of the men through the promise of some form of sex (she was posing as a prostitute), took them into the woods, and killed them. There is a lot of controversy as to whether she was mentally ill and whether putting her to death was the "right" thing to do under the circumstances. With this information in mind, this case study will look at Wuornos through Attachment Theory and Biopsychosocial Theory. Between the two theories, it seems that the Biopsychosocial Theory is the best one to use for analyzing her situation although a combination of both would probably be more accurate. Aileen (Lee) Carol Wuornos had a very tumultuous childhood. According to Chesler (1994, p. 96), Wuornos was a very abused child who had been "serially raped" and was beaten both as a child and as an adult. She perceived that she was always under attack in her life. Shipley and Arrigo (1994) state that Wuornos was raised by her maternal grandparents because she was abandoned by her mother as a baby. According to several other accounts, including MacLeod (2008) and Osborn (2009), she and her brother were abandoned when Aileen was three or four years old because her mother could not handle the noise that the children made. Her father was a convicted child molester and killed himself while in prison; Aileen never had contact with him. By the age of 14, Aileen was pregnant with someone's child. Although the father was never revealed, she said it was her brother at one point, or someone she called "An Elvis Presley look-a-like" (Shipley and Arrigo, p. ix). Her grandparents sent her to unwe d mothers home where she had the baby and then gave it up for adoption; the baby was adopted by another family. Aileen's life with her grandparents consisted of physical abuse by her grandmother who was also an alcoholic. Aileen was never told that she was being raised by her grandparents but she found out at age 12 (MacLeod, Chapter 2).

Motivation letter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Motivation letter - Essay Example I believe that a masters’ degree places me in a better position to explore different fields of research and collect data that will be helpful to the future generations. Another reason that influences me to pursue a masters’ degree is my lifelong desire to be a senior member in the corporate sector. I like giving directions and being the boss. In order to be a corporate leader, a masters’ degree is a requirement. Currently, promotion in the workplace is based on professional and academic merit (Telò 10). At the same time, most of the employees have pursued a bachelors’ degree. This gives an added advantage to those with a Masters’ degree since their field of competition is narrower. Holders of a Masters’ degree are also preferred in many organizations because they have acquired experience interacting with people while doing academic research. I have studied international relations in my bachelors’ degree. However, since this was my first time learning the subject, I believe this was just an introduction. I wish to enroll in the Masters’ program in order to increase my knowledge of the subject and make me more competent in the professional sector. I do not find the need of going to school and later end up without a distinguished title. In one of my long-term goals, I hope to gain a distinguished title of a doctor and a professor. I understand that one must have completed a Ph.D. to acquire the doctorate title. Successful completion of the Masters’ degree will qualify me to enroll in the Doctorate program. This will also give me a valuable opportunity to apply for teaching in a university. I hope to join the Masters’ program in order to enhance my practical aspect of international relations. There is not a single time in my life that I got a chance to interact with people of diverse cultural backgrounds than during my stay at the University. Studying a Masters’ degree will give

Sentencing Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Sentencing - Term Paper Example Contextually, there are various considerations and provisions under the aforementioned clause, wherein courts are required to perform a review of every case in relation to proportionality (Gardner & Anderson, 2011). The major considerations and provisions that are included in proportionality in the US Courts are as follows. The magnitude of the crime committed and the severity of the punishment sentenced Sentences that are enforced for identical criminal acts in similar jurisdictions Sentences that are enforced for identical criminal acts in relation to other jurisdictions Source: (Gardner & Anderson, 2011) The principle of proportionality came into practice following the case rule in Solem v. Helm, 463 U.S. 227 (1983) and subsequently, the Supreme Court of the US implemented the procedures in accordance with which proportionality amid crime and penalty were to be evaluated. The case of Pulley v. Harris, 1984 can also be regarded as a landmark case in the history of developing the pr inciple of proportionality by the US Supreme Court Gardner & Anderson, 2011). ... Contextually, there are certain groups of individuals who cannot be offered with the death punishment sentence. These individuals include defendants who are (i) mentally retarded or insane, or (ii) are juveniles under 18 years of age and (iii) defendants who are found to be guilty in aiding a felony act but restrains from committing a homicide or a similar category of felony themselves (Gardner & Anderson, 2011). For an example, in the case of Graham v. Florida (No. 08-7412) (2010), the delivered judgment advocated that Graham (the defendant) committed robbery and armed burglary crimes. Later, Graham was charged with additional crimes and accordingly, the trial court canceled his probation terms, convicting him with life imprisonment punishment sentence. Graham then appealed and charged against his sentences under ‘Cruel and Unusual Punishment Clause’. Contextually, in accordance with the principle of the clause, because Graham was a juvenile, it was ruled that he could not be sentenced with life imprisonment of death penalty without parole in case of non-homicide crime (Cornell University Law School, 2010). The ‘Cruel and Unusual Punishment Clause’, under the provisions of the US Supreme Court, also states that mentally retarded people or insane convicts cannot be deemed eligible to be punished with death sentence, but can be or life imprisonment [Ford v. Wainwright (No. 85-5542) 752 F.2d 526, reversed and remanded] (Cornell University Law School, n.d.). As mentioned above, the principle also prohibits the US courts from delivering a death sentence to a convict who is found guilty to aid and/or abet a homicide crime or equivalent criminal offence(s) but is not directly responsible for the committed crime [Enmund v. Florida (No. 81-5321) 399 So.2d

Socio Political Context Of The Welfare Policy Social Work Essay

Socio Political Context Of The Welfare Policy Social Work Essay According to the World Health Organisation, most developed world countries have accepted the age of 65 years as a definition of elderly or older person. (WHO: 2012) However, in the UK, the Friendly Societies Act 1972 S7(1)(e) defines old age as, any age after fifty, where pension schemes mostly, are used, it is usually, age 60 or 65 years for eligibility. (Scottish Government: 1972) The term ageism, is defined as process of discrimination and stereotyping against people because of their age. Around a quarter of older adults in the UK, report having experienced age discrimination. (Age Scotland: 2012) It affects many institutions in society and has a number of dimensions, such as job discrimination, loss of status, stereotyping and dehumanization. Ageism is also about assuming that all older people are the same despite different life histories, needs and expectation. (Phillipson: 2011) The policy, All Our Future also (Scottish Government: 2007) indicates that over the age of fifty, is a stage where life circumstances start to change in ways that can be significant for the future. An example of this can be; children leave home, change in working patterns, people have less work and more time for themselves. In addition, from fifty onwards, this can be a time when physical health may deteriorate, causing possible health problems, such as, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis or coronary heart disease. What is more, the state of general health overall, decreases substantially, people face changes in appearance, their physical state deteriorates and they are not as fit as they used to be. Surely, this must be difficult to accept! However, ageing can also cause some psychological effects, such as, changes in memory function, a decline in intellectual abilities, or even memory loss. As a result of a degenerative condition of brains nerve cells or brain disorders, many people may develop dementia, Alzheimer or Parkinson disease. Wilson et al. (2008) who draws attention to physical, biological and psychological effects of the ageing, pointing out that ageing is not itself a disease, but some specific diseases may be associated with this process. Older people are a group that used to be in a marginal concern in the social work profession, but has recently moved to one of central importance. (Phillipson: 2011) This is caused by the remarkable speed of demographical change. The number of older people is increasing, both in absolute numbers, and as a proportion of the total population. The ageing of the population indicates two main factors: the downward trend in the birth rate, and improvements in life expectancy. (Phillipson: 2011) In Scotland, in 2010, there were an estimated 1.047 million older people age over 60, with older people being one fifth of the Scottish population. (Age Scotland: 2012) In the last hundred years, Scotlands life expectancy has doubled from 40 in 1900, to just over 74 for males, and just over 79 for females in 2004. By 2031 the number of people aged 50+ is projected to rise by 28%, and the number aged 75+ is projected to increase by 75% (Scottish Government: 2007) This issue requires to be deeply anal ysed in terms of how society will be able to respond effectively to the complex needs of older people. This part of the report takes into account the socio-political context of the welfare policy. Social work underwent fundamental changes from the 1960s, following broader ideological, political and economic developments. To understand the current role of social work within society and wider policy framework, particularly with older people, it is important to analyse the past that has reflected on contemporary practice. By the 1960s, more attention was beginning to be paid to the social consequences of capitalism, that started to be seen as the economic order of an unequal and unfair society. The strong critique of that system is known as radical social work, that grew on the ideology of Marxism. (Howe: 2008) The publication of the Kilbrandon Report (1964) consequently led to the introduction of Social Work (Scotland) Act 1968. This embedded social work firmly within the state sector, with the voluntary sector as complementary. (Ferguson Woodward: 2011) Social work wanted to be seen a s a unified profession, that offered generic services, to overcome earlier fragmentation and overspecialisation of services. Social workers were obligated by law, to assess needs and promote social welfare by providing services. However, the government of Margaret Thatcher began to weaken the state welfares responsibilities to help people in need, leading to the major ideological shift in 1980s called neoliberalism. As a result, the Barclay Report (1982) intended to clarify the role and task of social workers employed within statutory or voluntary sector. The later Griffiths Report (1988) was similar to Barclay Report, in terms of promoting greater choice, participation and independence of the service user and carers. However, neoliberalism undermines the role of welfare professionals, allowing the rich to become richer, and marginalise the poorest and most vulnerable individuals. (Ferguson Woodward: 2011) Woodward and Ferguson (2011) argue that the neoliberal trend has been contin ued under the new labour government, leading to managerialism and bureaucratisation. Therefore, contemporary practice is drawn by extreme pressure of marketisation and managerialism, leading to a profession dominated by stress, frustration and strongly focused on meeting deadlines. The labour government has also been driven by the developments associated with consumerists ideas, such as, personalisation that places the service user at the centre of service design and delivery, or direct payments that emphasise independence and individual choice, through giving service users their own money, to buy their own services. (Woodward Ferguson: 2011) For a long time, neoliberal economic and social policies in the UK speculated a very different concept of what social work should be about. The Changing Lives report of the 21st Century Social Work Review (Scottish Government: 2006) has brought a significant shift within social work polices, through an expression of dissatisfaction of social w ork, that was mainly caused by a lack of opportunity for relationship based working with service user. The policy has reshaped the profession, providing social workers with additional space to develop good social work practice. There have been initiatives to improve recruitment, and increase professionalism and standards within the workforce, as well as improve integration in the planning and provision of social work services. (Scottish Parliament: 2008) Integration has been developed through Modernising Community Care: An Action Plan (1998) and Community Care Joint Future (2000) that introduce Single Shared Assessment (SSA). In Scotland, Joint Future is the driving policy on joint working between local authorities and the NHS. The other key policy themes are personalisation, self-directed support, early intervention and prevention as well as mixed economy of care. (Scottish Parliament: 2008) Another significant report that brought about change in policy, and later, in Scottish legi slation, is the Sutherland Report (1999). This provided free personal and nursing care on the basis of assessed needs. (Petch: 2008) The above review of social work policies framework, is a good illustration of the constantly changing role and function of social work. Social work operates within the wider context of a constantly developing policy, ideology and legislation. The reality and ideology has changed people and society to face a new challenges. Social work makes a key contribution to tackle these issues by working with other agencies to deliver coordinated support to increase the wellbeing of older people. In terms of needs and issues when working with older people, the first thing to consider is the partnership of health and social care, especially within areas such as: assessment, care management, intermediate care and hospital discharge. The main problems are, tight budgets, resources and reconciliation of financial responsibility between bodies. Which always raises dispute who should pay for services? Wilson et al. (2008) stresses the importance of rationing services in social work, due to a low budget, which leads to delays in provision of services, and lack of time to develop more creative forms of practice. This causes unnecessary delays and constraints. One might expect that new Integration of Adult Health and Social Care Bill (Scottish Government: 2012) will resolve these problems by the joint budget and equal responsibilities of Health Boards and Local Authorities. The next issue is the assessment and intervention process, that are seen as balance between needs and resources, evidence and relationship based practice. It can be an issue to find appropriate resources that will meet the needs of the individual. A major element during assessment is the relationship with service user, and that the appropriate methods of communication are adopted to identify the needs of older people. The practitioner must take the time to get know the older person and resist pressure from other professionals to do a quick assessment. (Mackay: 2008) In social work there is constant need to utilise evidence based practice on the grounds that it is empirical knowledge which guides the decision making process, such as three stages of theory cycle (Collinwood Davies: 2011) There is no doubt evidence based practice is important, but this view may undermine relationship based practice, which is equally important. Rightly, Wilson et al. (2008) refers to relationship-based as a main feature of social work practice, that shapes the nature and purpose of the intervention. It is a unique interaction between the service user and the practitioner, that helps to obtain more information and define the best way of intervention. The problem of autonomy and protection is another factor in the relationship when working with older people. This raises the question of capacity, consent and the deprivation of liberty of older people. This group of service users is often a subject of legislation that deprives their human rights, this is because they are likely to be affected by cognitive disorder such as dementia. The term dementia, includes Alzheimers disease, vascular and unspecified dementia, as well as dementia in other diseases such as Parkinsons. It has been estimated that in the UK the number of patients diagnosed is 821,884, representing 1.3% of the UK population. (Alzheimers Research Trust: 2010) The assessment of incapacity or mental disorder is not straightforward and proves ethically and morally difficult for both service user and social worker. Social workers have to manage the balance between acting in accordance with the wishes of the individuals, and what is in their best interests. It has been sugg ested by policy and legislation that the views and wishes of people expressed through self-assessment would remain at the heart of intervention. (Wilson et al.: 2008) Another issue is abuse of older people, which may have many forms, and can be very severe in extend. Older people are vulnerable to abuse, or indeed, not having their rights fully respected and protected. The problem came to public awareness not as long as few years ago. Despite the fact that legislation came into force through Adult Support and Protection (Scotland) Act 2007, it is estimated that elder abuse affects 22,700 people in the Scotland each year. (Age Scotland: 2012) Older people are a subject of physical, psychological abuse, neglect, sexual or financial harm, that normally takes place at home, in hospital, residential care or day centre. (Ray at al.: 2009) Age discrimination is next issue one wish to consider, older people are disadvantaged because of their relatively low socio-political and cultural status in a contemporary society. They are repeatedly presented as a drain on resources as they no longer actively contribute to the growth of society. They do not work and do not pay taxes anymore. Older people are systematically disadvantaged by the status they now occupy within society. Wilson et al. (2008: p. 620) rightly suggests that old age is socially constructed. A good example of this is retirement, which officially, makes people old and unavailable to work, despite the actual physical and emotional state of the individual. Other forms of social construction that significantly affect the experience of old age are class, gender, race and ethnicity. (Wilson at al.: 2008) An illustration of this can be the statement that older people have much more in common with younger people from their class, than they do with older people from other classes. (Philipson: 2011) Disadvantages and inequalities, experiences during life can magnified during the process of ageing, through differences in access to health facilities, health status and lifestyle that may influence life expectancy. There is no doubt that experience of ageing is subjective, and depends on many factors, but it seems to be a matter to firstly, consider class, gender and race at the first place. When discussing poverty and inequalities, the points to bear in mind are issues of discrimination of older women, who are less likely to have as great a pension as a male partner, due to the fact many women are paid a lower wage then men. Moreover, women tend to live longer than men, therefore, are potentially more vulnerable to live alone and in poverty. (Age UK: 2012) There are many forms of disadvantage associated with older people in poverty such as; low income, low wealth and pension, debts or financial difficulties, feelings of being worse off, financial exclusion, material deprivation and a cold home. The first three are experiences by around 20% of older people, half of older people experienced at least one of the nine forms of poverty described above, and 25% had two or more. A minority 3% suffered from three or more forms of poverty. (Age UKa: 2012) In terms of ethnicity and race there are significant inequalities in the process of ageing. An illustration of this can be the black community of older people, who are more likely to face a greater level of poverty, live in poorer housing and have received lower wages. In addition, they are more susceptible to physical and mental illness often due to heavy manual work, racism and cultural pressures. (Phillipson: 2011) All these discussed factors must be taken into account when working with the older person. It can be argued that one of the main needs of older people is the importance of active listening to this group of service users, who are often because of age ignored or disregarded. This is supported by Kydd et al. (2009) who highlights how important it is for older people to feel that they are being listened too. Another important need of this group of service users, is the need to stay at home as long as possible, which is supported by the policy, All Our Future (Scottish Government: 2007) that offers; free personal care, telecare development programme, care and repairs services or travel scheme free bus passes. The policy aims to improve opportunities for older people, foster better understanding towards this group of service users, create better links between generations to work together and exchange experiences. Improve health and quality of life by promoting well being and an active life within the community; enhance care support and protection of older people. Improve housing and transport as well as promote lifelong learning. The last part of the report identifies policy framework and organisational responses. The discussion about social care for adults began in the UK through Green paper Independence, Well-being and Choice (Department of Health: 2005) and the subsequent White Paper, Our Health, Our Care, Our Say (Department of Health: 2006) these documents set out the agenda for future. This is based on the principle that service users should be able to have greater control over their own lives, with strategies that services delivery will be more personalised than uniform. The contemporary social work is driven by emancipatory issues such as social justice, empowerment, partnership and minimal intervention. (Dalrymple and Burke: 2006) Empowerment theory is the process of helping people gain greater control over their lives. Empowerment is not simply a matter of enabling or facilitating but it involves helping people to become better equipped to deal with challenges and oppression they may face. (Thompson : 2009) On the grounds of empowerment grew the idea of service user participation that came to law in 1990 through NHS and Community Care Act. (Ray et al.: 2012) There is still increasing acceptance that people who receive services should be seen as own experts in defining their own needs. This is in accordance with the exchange model of assessment presented by Smile and Tuson et al. (1993), where the social worker views the individuals as experts of their own problems. The role of the practitioner is to help the service user to organise resources in order to reach goals that are defined by the service user. The Scottish Governments policies and initiatives addressing to older people, highlights the importance of developing services that focus on maintaining independence, encouraging choice and promoting autonomy, such as; Changing Lives (2006), All Our Future (2007), Independent Living in Scotland (2010), Reshaping Care for Older People (2012a). These policies highlight the importa nce of service user participation in the process of decision making and intervention. These tendencies of improving choice and autonomy of older people, have resulted in the creation of personalisation and self-directed support programmes. Personalisation enables the individual to participate and to be actively involved in the delivery of services. Personalisation also means that people become more involved in how services are designed by shaping and selecting services to receive support that is most suited to them (Scottish Government: 2009) The programme directly responds to wants and wishes of the service user regarding service provision. Personalisation consists of a person centre approach, early intervention and prevention, and is based on mentioned above empowering philosophy of choice and control. It shifts power from the professionals, to the people who use services. (Department of Health: 2010) However, it could be argued that approaches which extend to service user control, in realty, can be seen as transferring risk and responsibilities form the local authority to the individual service user (Ferguson: 2007) Another option, recently promoted by the government, is Self Directed Support (SDS), a Bill that was introduced into the Scottish Parliament last year, and recently has passed stage three. The bill seeks to introduce legislative provision for SDS and the personalisation of services and to extend the provisions relating to direct payments. (Scottish Parliament: 2012a) The SDS approach had been brought into Parliament previously, and was reflected in many reports and policy initiatives such as: Changing Lives, Reshaping Care for Older People. SDS allows people to make informed choices about the way support is provided, they can have greater control over how their needs are met, and by whom. Social workers, working on behalf of local authority, will have a duty to offer SDS if the individual meets the eligibility criteria. The four options to consider are; direct payment to the individual in order that that person will arrange their own support, the person chooses the available support and the local authority will make arrangements for the services on behalf of that person, the social worker will select support and make arrangement for provision, the last option is a mix of the above. (IRISS: 2012) The idea of SDS is a great opportunity for service users to expand their control over which services provided. However, this raises a question of how many people will be ready to utilise option one of SDS. Would an ordinary person, who uses the services, have the skills and knowledge to take responsibility for their own care, for example to employ their own carers, a personal assistant or to buy their own services. One could envisage that it could be possible if the role of social worker changes from care management, to brokerage and advocacy. A potential care broker will provide assistance to obtain and manage a support package, drawing on individualised funding. It can be questioned if social workers who are mostly accountable to local authorities are reliable to perf orm this task whilst working across three sectors. (Wilson at al.: 2008) In conclusion, there is a shift from a paternalistic stance of social workers to viewing service user as experts of their own lives. From institutional care, through service led and needs led, to outcomes focus provision. A fundamental part of working with older people is to recognise and respond to the way in which they may be marginalized. This can be achieved by a deeper understanding of the process of ageing, and the issues that older people may face. Working with older people, based on new premises, will be focused on to maximise resources, and the role of the social worker will be transferred from care management to advocacy and brokerage. One may expect that active involvement and participation of older people in service provision will have a crucial role not only by exercising more control and choice but also in challenging social exclusion.

Personal Narrative: The First Time I Got Stitches :: essays research papers

I was about ten years old and in the fifth grade. My mother had just picked me up from school that day and had bought me some delicious popcorn. I could not wait to get home to pop my popcorn, and we lived all the way in Rose Hill, Alabama. I was getting pretty restless by the time we got home. So we got home and I went directly to the big, black microwave. I put it in, and began pressing the buttons. It was popping and popping, and the buttery smell was getting to me. My mother said that she had to go to the bathroom for a second and that I was not to take out the popcorn until she got back. Time drug slowly by as I was waiting and waiting, growing more and more impatient. The anticipation was more than I could stand, I disobeyed and got the popcorn out anyway. I opened the popcorn very slowly. The steam came gushing out and burnt the tips of my fingers, face, and neck. I quickly dropped the popcorn. It hit the floor and went everywhere. I quickly began to eat the popcorn and decided I needed to put it all in a bowl. I searched for a bowl, and the best I could find was on the very top shelf of the cabinet. I opened the bottom cabinet door and slowly climbed my way up the cabinet and onto the counter top. I reached the bowls and carefully lifted the two bowls that were on top of my bowl. I took my bowl down and arranged everything back in perfect order. I began thinking about the best way to get down. The best way down was the way I came up. I carefully pulled the bottom cabinet door closed, and with my bowl in my hand, I jumped. I did not make it to the floor. My feet were oddly dangling and did not touch the floor. I had a sharp pain in the left side of my butt. The cabinet handle had gotten pushed through the bottom of my butt cheek. I called for my mother’s help and she told me to hold on for a second. She was still in the bathroom and thought a bee stung me. I put my hands on top of the counter and lifted and away from the cabinet. I ran as fast as I could towards the bathroom with a trail of bright red blood behind me.

Brave New World & human story

The book â€Å"Brave New World† by Aldous Huxley begins describing the tour of the Conditioning Centre and the Central London Hatchery. Huxley writes that in the year of Our Ford 632 rational systems of society organizing were very popular. The birth process seemed to be mechanized and, moreover, strict societal hierarchy dominated, and the different societal casts were condition from the very start of their lives to accept their destiny of either rich or poor. Repression and persecution weren’t observed as all people followed the laws and orders set by governmental apparatus of security state.Huxley assumes that population was biologically bent and chemically conditioned from the birth. The first two chapters of the book are devoted to walkthrough of this human factory. The author is willing to make people understand better the technical foundation of society and to provide the background for drama to happen in the future. Huxley assumes that people freely rejected the ir history, maturity and autonomy in order to become oppressed by technologies which were gradually destroying their capacities to think. The third chapter continues setting the stage for drama and provides overview of different viewpoints.This chapter is important as the author introduces the main characters. The book is a human story centered on the destiny of Bernard Marx. Marx is shown as a person who isn’t suited restricted and fully controlled pacified world. Marx has other ideas about societal order and he doesn’t want to be similar to others. Despite the fact that Bernard is Alpha meaning he belongs to the highest hierarchical level, he doesn’t seem to be content with the order. Marx decided to take Lenina for vacation at a Reservation in New-Mexico. Lenina is a woman with strong belief of status quo.Lenina and Marx get acquainted with a young man named Savage. Savage return to polite society with Marx and Lenin and the rest of the book is devoted to ill ustrating how Savage is trying to encounter with civilization. The author often refers to satirical devices to increase the intensity with the story progression. Moreover, metaphors in the book seem to be extreme: for example, the author describes that people have to make the sign â€Å"T† and to refer to their deity as â€Å"Our Ford†. Further, we see that Huxley describes Savage as sympathetic character.For example, his mother is extremely unhappy and dies when returning to civilization and we will sorry seeing Savage’s despair. With book progression the author links Bernard Marx with the corrosive forces of civilization. For example, Marx displays his true essence when he decided to bow to the World Controller’s will. Nevertheless, Marx is the only character in the book who seems to be pitied, even though his choices are always shaped by society. Lenina is the pawn of Fordian society, and he relations with Savage seem to have no perspective because soc iety assembled its own perspective for her future.One more interesting character in the book is Mustapha Mond who is the Resident World Controller for Western Europe. Mond is educated as Savage and likes reading Shakespeare. Mond often exhort Savage arguing: â€Å"You can't play Electro-Magnetic Golf according to the rules of Centrifugal Bumble-puppy†. (p. 194) In such a way the author manages to present unique character to eradicate fully the sense of happiness. Huxley worries about human state of mind and decided to put the sense of happiness into materialistic paradigm.Sense of happiness is a method of control aimed at justifying as what population wants. Huxley clearly shows that technologies would change and destroy everything humane. Huxley underlines that there is no way out of existing system which will distort human characters. The book is very interesting, sharp and unrelenting in its satirical depictions. The book has endured because the author depicted in details the order in totalitarian state and showed that technologies would yield full control of biology. References Huxley, Aldous. (2001). Brave New World. New York: Voyager Classics.

The Taming of the Shrew Essay

The Taming of the Shrew Essay William Shakespeares play The Taming of the Shrew is a lighthearted, slapstick comedy written in the 1590s. This particular era is classified as the Elizabethan era. This famous play has been chiefly based on courtship and the concerns of married life. Both of these characteristics were profoundly relevant to society at this time, in fact this was a society concerned with marriage in general. People living in this era often married for power, land or money rather then for love. Marital disputes became very popular in literature, as this era did not offer any avenues out of an unhappy marriage. The laws and practices of these times also did not allow women to have the same opportunities as men. Women were said to be under the authority of their husbands and society would not allow women to perform in plays. In fact, in this era, men acted out all the male and female roles. Another concern of this society was shrews, that is a woman with a violent, scolding, or nagging temperament. Katherina has demonstrated this idea in the play. Women were expected to act a particular way, and any woman with a willful temperament or who challenged the authority of men, was classified as a shrew. It was for these reasons that men set out to tame their wives into the way society felt they should behave. Taming can be defined as being brought from wildness into a domesticated or tractable state. This idea of one taming a shrew is brought out through the main plot of the willful Kate and the equally stubborn Petruchio. Shakespeare has used the idea of deception in his play to reflect the opinions of this society. This idea of deception has been furthered with the use of disguise. Deception can be defined as to give a false impression and to cause to believe what is not true. Shakespeare brings out this deception in his play through the characters. He does this by using a variety of techniques such as disguise. Disguise is defined as being to modify the manner and/or appearance of, in order to prevent recognition. Throughout the play this main idea of deception and disguise is ably bought out through 3 plots. They include the introductory plot of Christopher Sly, the main plot of Petruchio and Kate and the sub-plot of Bianca and her suitors. The first story of deception found in the play concerns Christopher Sly. The first scene opens in an English country alehouse in the late 1500s. Sly has been knocked unconscious as a result of consuming an excessive amount of alcohol. It is at this point that a lord discovers Sly, and he decides it would be very entertaining for him to play a trick on the drunken beggar. Sirs, I will practice on this drunken man. The Lord commands his men to take the sleeping Sly up to his extravagant bedroom and when he awakes, they are to tell him that he is a noble man who has been asleep for many years. Wrappd in sweet clothes, rings put upon his fingers, A most delicious banquet by his bed. The Lord also commands his men to dress Sly in the most sumptuous clothes and to feed him the finest of foods in order to convince Sly that he really is a nobleman. Sly at first is confused as to what is going on, but remains sure of himself and insists that he is not a lord. I am Christopher Sly; call not me honor norlordship. He resists the Lord and his servants and he only relents when he is informed that he has a wife. It is at this point that Sly instantly reverses himself. Am I a lord? And have I such a lady? Sly is so caught up in the fact that he may be able to bed this woman, that he stops contradicting the Lord and his servants. Are you my wife and will not call me husband? My men should call me lord: I am your goodman. Sly becomes oblivious to the situation and his mind is now set on getting this woman into bed. Madam, undress you and come now to bed. His speech also is disguised. Sly eventuates from speaking in prose, to speaking in verse. This is very humorous as verse is usually reserved for those in the higher class of society. Sly uses this technique to make him self appear accomplished and wealthy. Sly is not the only one applying deception within the Introduction. The Lord and his servants have also deceived Sly through the use of disguise. The Lord has done this by forcing Sly to live a life where he is a nobleman, with all the luxuries included. As soon as Sly awoke they began filling his head with nonsense and insisting that he was a wealthy nobleman. Sly was offered the finest of foods and the finest of clothing in order to further this deception and make him truly believe that he is a wealthy Lord. The sub plot of the play involves Bianca and her suitors. This play-within a play is taken place in Padua, Italy. Lucentio, a young gentleman from Verona arrives accompanied by his suitor when he notices Baptista Minola and his two young daughters Bianca and her older sister Kate. BiancaÐ ¢s suitors Gremio and Hortensio accompany them. While standing in the street, Lucentio over hears Baptista say that no one will marry Bianca, until Kate has found a suitor. That is, not bestow my youngest daughter, Before I have a husband for the elder By this point Lucentio has become totally enamored with Bianca and he devises a plan to get closer to Bianca. Lucentio is to disguise himself as a tutor named Cambio while Tranio pretends to be Lucentio. It is obvious that this is an element of deception. Lucentio and Tranio have purposely disguised themselves in order to deceive Kate, Bianca, Baptista and the other suitors. They have used different clothing in order to accomplish this. This is where the third, and main plot of the play begins. Biancas suitors realize that they will not be able to ask for her hand unless they find a suitable suitor for her stubborn sister Kate. Petruchio, also from Verona, has arrived in Padua for one sole reason. To find himself a wife whom does a large dowry accompany. He does not care if she is a shrew or not. Hortensio, another gentlemen also in want of Biancas hand, agrees to introduce Petruchio to Kate. All three men, Hortensio, Gremio and Lucentio (posing as Tranio) agree to assist him in gaining access to the younger daughter. Petruchio goes directly to Baptista is completely upfront with his intentions. He tells Baptista that he wealthy and Baptista welcomes Petruchios offer. But Petruchio must first win Kates love. Petruchio is certain that he can do so. When Petruchio and Kate first meet, they flirt and take it in turns in verbally challenging each other. Kate continues to act shrewish and Petruchio claims that Kate is in love with him. The wedding plans begin and Biancas suitors move in. Tranio/Lucentio promises enormous riches for Bianca, but Baptista wishes to mean Tranio/Lucentios father in order to confirm this. Therefore Tranio/Lucentio must find a suitable man to pose as Vincentio. The disguise and deception falls deeper and deeper as the plot continues. Not only do these young gentleman have to act as if they were someone else, but now Tranio/Lucentio must find another gentleman to act as his father in order for him to have Biancas hand. The whole wedding party has gathered for the event, except for the groom. Kate begins to show signs of humiliation. Now must the world point at poor Katherine, And say, Lo, there is mad Petruchios wife, If it would please him come and marry her!' This is significant as it is the first time, we the audience see Kate showing any signs of emotion. When Petruchio eventually decides to make an appearance, his dress and behavior are both outrageous. Baptista objects to this and Petruchio replies that To me shes married, not unto my clothes and then proceeds to take Kate off to the wedding. It seems that Petruchios state of mind has reversed. Previously he has been honest and upfront in his actions. Now he deceiving Kate by playing games and acting like someone he isnt. He uses disguise to emphasize the fact that Kate is here to marry him, and not his clothing. Once the wedding ceremony is completed Petruchio will not allow Kate to stay for the wedding feast. Instead he drags her from her fathers house. The journey from Baptistas to Petruchios house is not a pleasant one. The couple arrives tired, dirty, cold and hungry. Petruchio temps Kate with the finest of foods, but Petruchio is outraged and claims that the supper is unfit. He decides the pair will fast, and they pack up and go to bed. It is at this point that Petruchio admits he is going to tame his new wife like a falcon. He plans to deprive her of sleep, food and sex and claims he will be doing this all in loving care. Therefore killing her with kindness. Petruchio has rises up to the challenge and begins acting as a reflection of Kate. He is rude, stubborn and willful. All the characteristics Katerina once possessed. He has in turn, deceived Kate by not acting him self, rather someone he certainly is not. Meanwhile Hortensio and Tranio/Lucentio give up their quest for Biancas hand when they find Lucentio/Cambio kissing her. Bianca is now engaged to Lucentio/Cambio. It seems the battle for Biancas hand is over. The next day Petruchio announces that the couple will be returning to Padua for Biancas wedding. Katerina is excited for she hopes for new clothes. Petruchio again teases Kate by saying that the clothes are hideous and they will certainly not do. O mercy, God! What miscuing stuff is here? The couple will return to Padua, dressed as they are. Well, come, my Kate; we will unto your fathers Even in these honest mean habiliments: After all, tis the mind that makes the body rich; Petruchio again is stamping his authority. He is sending a message to Kate that he is in charge, and if she wants any chance of happiness, she must agree with him. Whilst walking back to Padua, Petruchio declares that the moon is shinny brightly, when in reality it is the sun. Kate contradicts her husband stating this, and he will not have it. He threatens that the pair will return home and not attend the wedding. At last, Katerina understands the point and states that it is the moon or the sun, or whatever he wishes it to be. What you will have it named, even that it is; The mood calls for celebration, but before Petruchio and Kate return to Baptistas, Petruchio demands a kiss from his wife. It seems that the battle is over. Back at the house, everyone claims that Petruchio has the worst of wives. Petruchio then suggests that they make a bet and she whos wife, in turn is the most obedient towards her husband. When Bianca and the Widow are called they refuse to come, but when Kate is summoned, she not only attends to her husband, but she also lectures the other wives on how they should behave towards their husbands. Thy husband is thy lord, thy life, thy keeper, Thy head, thy sovereign; one that cares for thee. Kate has come along way from the beginning of the play; it appears that Kate has been tamed. Her attitude has completely changed, and her willful and stubborn behavior completely disappeared. Petruchio has succeeded in giving her a taste of her own medicine, and in turn molded her into a gentlewoman. Or has he? From this it can been seen that Shakespeare has used many levels of deception and disguise through out his play The taming of the shrew. So is this another level of deception? Has Kate really been tamed or is she simply playing along in a game with Petruchio once again? You can order a custom essay, term paper, research paper, thesis or dissertation on   The Taming of the Shrew topics from our professional custom essay writing service which provides students with high-quality custom written papers.

Free Essays on Using Soren Kierkegaard’s Philosophies Of Truth To Analyze A Doll’s House

Using Soren Kierkegaard’s Philosophies of Truth to Analyze A Doll’s House In Henrik Ibsen’s play A Doll’s House, the main character, Nora Helmer, is a woman whose life is ridden with worry, guilt, alienation, and deception. These feelings come from lying to her husband for the length of their marriage. She lies to her husband because she does not want to displease him, this choice has made her a â€Å"doll† for her husband to control and manipulate. At the end of the play the truth is exposed and Nora frees herself from her marriage. Kierkegaard believed that finding and knowing your self is a challenge because we are always changing paths. His philosophy is that we need to chose our selves and construct our identities by means of decisions, actions, and commitment. He also believed that there is one truth that is truly known only to God. Kierkegaard’s â€Å"truth† establishes the justice that Nora deserves, makes an unknown reality known to her, and transforms Nora into her true self. Nora has spent 8years of her life lying to her controlling husband. Her life is full of anxiety because she is afraid that her husband will learn the truth. This anxiety leads to despair which she cannot overcome. This despair has made her a prisoner to herself. In The Divine Justice, Kierkegaard says that sins relating to our laws are punished in our world but sins that relate to God’s laws seem to go unnoticed. Through actions, decisions, and commitment people are able to find themselves. When the truth is finally exposed Nora is revealed as her new self.... Free Essays on Using Soren Kierkegaard’s Philosophies Of Truth To Analyze A Doll’s House Free Essays on Using Soren Kierkegaard’s Philosophies Of Truth To Analyze A Doll’s House Using Soren Kierkegaard’s Philosophies of Truth to Analyze A Doll’s House In Henrik Ibsen’s play A Doll’s House, the main character, Nora Helmer, is a woman whose life is ridden with worry, guilt, alienation, and deception. These feelings come from lying to her husband for the length of their marriage. She lies to her husband because she does not want to displease him, this choice has made her a â€Å"doll† for her husband to control and manipulate. At the end of the play the truth is exposed and Nora frees herself from her marriage. Kierkegaard believed that finding and knowing your self is a challenge because we are always changing paths. His philosophy is that we need to chose our selves and construct our identities by means of decisions, actions, and commitment. He also believed that there is one truth that is truly known only to God. Kierkegaard’s â€Å"truth† establishes the justice that Nora deserves, makes an unknown reality known to her, and transforms Nora into her true self. Nora has spent 8years of her life lying to her controlling husband. Her life is full of anxiety because she is afraid that her husband will learn the truth. This anxiety leads to despair which she cannot overcome. This despair has made her a prisoner to herself. In The Divine Justice, Kierkegaard says that sins relating to our laws are punished in our world but sins that relate to God’s laws seem to go unnoticed. Through actions, decisions, and commitment people are able to find themselves. When the truth is finally exposed Nora is revealed as her new self....

Epistemology versus Ontology in Philosophy Essay

Epistemology versus Ontology in Philosophy - Essay Example Therefore, it may be said that this paper has been written on the assumption that epistemology is better suited than ontology for research design in philosophy. To begin with, one has to understand research design in context of philosophy as a style of writing or expressing ideas. This has a nexus with positivism as well as interpretivism in understanding how knowledge is gathered and used. Johnson et al's text (2000) starts with a study of innate notions. This portion of the book is a study of the elements that lead to speculation and a subsequent formation of perspective. This points to positivism. Throughout this part, the authors have managed to hook the reader on to the idea that speculation is an element that must be used in very discreet doses as more of it can damage the practical side of things in one's mind. (Johnson et al, 2000) As a philosophical notion, this is an ideal that is true to writing. In writing, it is imperative to stick to a certain balance between factual information and a small amount of speculation. This holds on to people's imagination and memories. Therefore, in this part of the book, the authors have merely de scribed a style of writing that has to do with organising ideas and information or interpretivism. This sets the stage for understanding and differentiating between epistemology and ontology. Further into the book, one will find ideals that are connected with principles in the mind. The mind is an organ that churns out thoughts and expressions of the same. These expressions are a part of the basic mental setup of the person concerned. This quality, in turn, springs from an ability to form a successful marriage between imagination and the overall truth surrounding a person. Therefore, these principles work towards defining a certain kind of writing and research design that can be applied by any person for means of appropriate self expression. (Johnson et al, 2000) The second part of the book is about Ideas. Writing is a field where ideation is an important phase before one begins to actually put the ideas down on pen and paper. Where does this ideation happen It happens during one's life experiences. These life experiences revolve around the garnering of values and ideals in life. One's writing often depicts the state of one's belief system. Thus, in describing ideas, Locke has managed to show what a person's preliminary research in writing is based on. This preliminary research comes from what is within oneself. (Locke, 2007) Analysis To begin with, let us define the concepts of epistemology and ontology, individually. Epistemology: This is a field of study that is closely related to philosophy. Epistemology, through the definition of theories and concepts, seeks to study a body of knowledge by applying the relevant definitions. This points towards subjectivism and the use of a positive attitude in deducing and understanding knowledge. In this way, it shares some similarity with ontology. It is a field of stu

The Australian Government and Reserve Bank Assignment

The Australian Government and Reserve Bank - Assignment Example The main purpose behind the development of such type of an economy is to ensure the availability of opportunities for every Australian citizen for their future success (Key Achievements, n.d). The Reserve Bank of Australia started operating as the central bank of Australia on 14th January 1960. The main purpose of the Australian Reserve Bank is to â€Å"conduct monetary policy,† maintaining a strong economic system and issuing currency of the nation (Reserve Bank of Australia, 2011). The paper seeks to examine the performance of the Australian government and Reserve Bank of Australia in the past two with emphasis on their macroeconomic policies. How successful have the Australian Government and the Reserve Bank of Australia has been in running the Australian economy over the last two years? The time when most of the major powers like UK and USA were suffering due to the recession, the Australian economy was growing at a rate of 0.4pc in the first quarter of 2009 according to t he Australian Board of Statistics. There was even a rise in its GDP. Source: Keep Australian Government The only thing that might put the Australian economy at the backseat was the growing rate of unemployment and it needed immediate attention (Malkin, 2009). Thus when the Labor Party came into power it was expected from them to design their policies in such a way so as to bring more improvements for the economy and also reduce the rate of unemployment. In the department of health, the Gillard Government had signed a number of health reforms with all the States and Territories in order to secure the health of the Australians in the future. This agreement will be a boon for the economy as it will provide the funds required for the public hospitals, one can expect greater levels of â€Å"transparency and accountability† and less waiting for the patients. As a result of the above health reforms one can see that hospital funding has increased by over 50 percent. Around $ 1.5 bill ion have been injected in the emergency departments. Plans for the aged section of the population have increased by 10,000. In order to ensure availability of medical facilities in the rural areas incentives and bonuses are being given to the doctors (Health Reform, n.d). Though the health reforms were meant for the whole economy yet it lacked a â€Å"common architecture binding policy† attitude. Increasing health care costs have proved to be a factor responsible for lack of health care facilities among the indigenous Australians. Apart from that there has been the problem of lack coordination and content (Gillespie, 2011). The Gillard government has made efforts to make every school a great school because they believe that proper education is very important for increasing a person’s potential and also for increasing the wealth of the nation in future. Accordingly policies were designed in such a way so as to ensure uninterrupted flow of quality education. Funding for education continued, existing Education Tax Rebate was expanded; $3.1 million was to be spent in the next two years in order to establish National Trade Cadetships and many more (Schools Policy Analysis, 2010). As global warming as become an important issue all over the world, the Gillard Government has taken steps to ensure a safer environment for the Australians. The government’s Clean Energy Future Package is considered to be an important economic

PT.garuda indonesia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

PT.garuda indonesia - Essay Example In the year 1990, the country has around 10 airlines where in the year 2005, the number has increased to more than 30. Some of the leading airlines include Indonesia Air Asia, Garuda Indonesia, Lion Air, Merpati Nusantara Airlines, Wings Air, Mandala Air, Batavia Air etc. 1.2 Background of PT. Garuda Indonesia Garuda Indonesia is a leading airline organization. The airline’s first flight started off in the year 1949. Despite of financial downturn in 2007, the airline company has been able to secure considerable profitability in the years 2007, 2008 and 2009. Part B 2.0 Factors Affecting Demand and Supply (theories & applications) 2.1 Factors Affecting Demand There are several factors affecting the demand side of the airline industry. Factors like price, quality, number of buyers, number of suppliers, income, expected future price, demographics, population growth, seasonality etc. In this segment, four factors have been discussed in this sector to describe the impact of the sam e on the airline industry. 2.1.1 Price The following is the demand curve showing the movement of demand against price movements. Figure: Demand Curve (Source: Stanford, n.d.) As the price of the product would increase the demand is supposed to decrease, while the demand would increase with the declining price. In the decreasing airfares will increase the demand. In case, the airline companies decide to decrease the airfares, they are expected to experience less demand than before as more and more travelers would prefer to travel by train and other transportation mediums rather than taking the expensive flights. In this case, the movement will happen along the demand curve. The figure 1.1 diagram shows what would happen to the demand of any product or service incase of price variation when all other influential variables are held constant. 2.1.2 Number of Buyers Number of Buyers is a significant factor to determine the demand in the airline industry. When the number of customers woul d increase, the quantity demanded would increase leading to increased market demand (Mankiw, 2008, p. 71). However, if the number of customers decreases in this industry, the demand would decline. For an instance, after the tragic incident of 9/11, the airline industry has experienced a decline in the number of air travelers due to some security related issues. So, if the number of buyers increases, the demand curve would shift rightwards. As more customers would want to buy the tickets, the quantity demanded would increase incorporating a shift in the demand curve in the rightward direction, from d1 to d2. As the quantity demanded would increase at a fixed price, the demand expected to increase keeping the price point constant. If the quantity demanded is less, then the demand graph is going to shift leftwards. In simple terms, as the number of customers would increase for the airline industry, the demand curve is expected to experience shift in its position. 2.1.3 Income The deman d curve wo